Telemedicine is becoming a new way to help people improve their quality of life, and the widespread use of wireless technology has brought unprecedented challenges to the interaction of personal health and medical devices. This kind of challenge stems from the need to communicate with some wireless-enabled instruments and end devices. To meet this demand, it is important that all devices communicate using the same protocol, in order to keep the data intact. Sex. In this article, we'll discuss some of the general issues related to wireless technology and the techniques for choosing the right wireless standard for different situations.
As one of the fastest growing interdisciplinary areas today, telemedicine uses a variety of technologies to provide health and medical information through remote and close-range wired and wireless networks. Telemedicine has become a catalyst for innovation in information services in the health care arena. It allows patients, doctors and other suppliers to have new ways of communicating, enabling patients with chronic conditions to achieve higher quality of life at lower cost, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases and cancer patients. After the advent of short-range wireless connectivity technology, telemedicine technology still plays a key role in the health, fitness and sports markets. The following two examples can help better explain the impact of wireless connectivity technology on telemedicine:
* For example, a jogger can carry a variety of sensors to monitor his life indicators (including heart rate, blood pressure, SpO2), skin moisture and other sports performance, such as: running speed, calories burned and step size. These parameters can be collected during a run on a mobile device (eg, a watch or smartphone, etc.) and then downloaded or sent to his personal computer, coach or doctor. After analyzing the data, the doctor or the coach can propose training improvement suggestions to improve the jogger's exercise endurance and effectiveness.
* For example, an ambulance that performs rescue missions at the scene of an accident. The emergency medical team (EMT) who is required to visit the accident can start treatment on the way back to the hospital, and immediately begin to monitor various vital signs of seriously injured people. Diagnose and send important data and diagnostic details to the emergency room of the hospital. Sending these data in advance will allow nurses and doctors to better prepare for the treatment. Once the injured person arrives at the hospital, they can immediately implement the correct treatment, saving a lot of precious time and ultimately saving lives.
These two examples demonstrate the important role that wireless connectivity solutions can play and play in the widely used telemedicine field. It can:
* Collect data more accurately, frequently and at low cost* to give patients and healthcare professionals a new way to connect
ConTInua Health Alliance The Continua Health Alliance is an international, not-for-profit, open industry organization comprised of more than 230 companies that address and address the versatility of telemedicine products and services in application and deployment. Their mission is to build an ecosystem of personal health care that empowers consumers and organizations to better manage their health. The Alliance is not responsible for the development of specific new communication standards, but rather selects some existing standards and then develops general guidelines. To successfully solve the versatility problem, you need to complete the following three important refinements:
* Chronic disease health management * Medical and health * Extended life expectancy
Figure 1 shows an architecture defined by the Continua Health Alliance. |
This end-to-end system architecture consists of the following four main parts: Personal health care equipment: Monitor basic vital signs such as blood pressure, weight, pulse, oxygen levels, and blood glucose levels, and send them over a wired or wireless connection. ? Integrated Manager: Enables personal health devices to record data in the form of an electronic medical record (HER) for viewing by the family and/or hospital at any time. This integrated manager can utilize smart phones, personal computers or other specialized devices. ? Health Service Center: Store and analyze patient-related information in a centralized manner. It can be a doctor's office, home, or health care facility. ? Health record: used to store collected data. Forms include personal health record (PHR) or electronic medical record (HER)
Four kinds of networks are defined in this integrated management architecture. We will mainly introduce personal area network (PAN) and wide area network (WAN).
Since PAN is characterized by low power consumption (generally a battery), we choose Bluetooth? And ZigBee? These two technologies serve as the wireless standard for future generations of Continua compatible telemedicine systems. Bluetooth technology is typically used for connections between mobile integrated managers (eg, smartphones) and sensors or medical devices; ZigBee is used for wireless networking of low-power sensors, such as sensors that allow patients to be independent at home. The connection distance of the PAN network is generally 1 meter to 10-20 meters, and most devices connected to the PAN network are powered by batteries.
When it is necessary to transmit data over a longer distance (greater than 30 meters) and the bandwidth is larger, it is better to use wide area network (WAN) access. The Continua Alliance has chosen the w3c standard for WAN, which can be implemented using any IP-type network. This allows solutions such as Wi-Fi and most 3G network services to transfer data from the manager/hub to the back-end software.
It should be noted that only when a product recommended by the Continua Health Alliance is required, authorization is required to select a specific network access standard. If Continua certification is not required, the system/product architecture can choose other network access standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, ANT, 6lowPAN or even some proprietary radio standards in the 2.4 GHz or 900 MHz band.
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