Detection of multiple antibodies using nanopores - Database & Sql Blog Articles

Researchers from the University of Cambridge in the UK recently made a breakthrough in the field of molecular detection. They published a study in *Nature Nanotechnology* detailing how they can use quartz nanopores to identify dumbbell-shaped DNA structures for antibody detection. This innovation opens up new possibilities in biosensing and diagnostics. The team, led by Nicholas Bell and Ulrich Keyser, utilized the concept of DNA origami to create a unique structure that carries a digital barcode made up of multiple dumbbell-shaped DNA hairpins. Using a nanopore, they were able to read this three-digit barcode with an impressive accuracy of 94%. By incorporating antigens into the DNA strands, they could detect up to four different antibodies simultaneously. In their approach, the researchers used DNA as a vector to guide proteins through the nanopore. Keyser was responsible for controlling the size of the nanopore, while the team constructed a double-stranded DNA molecule with one strand containing a dumbbell-shaped hairpin. This setup allowed them to generate distinct signals for each DNA structure. To enhance signal clarity, they found that adding multiple hairpin structures on the DNA backbone improved the detection accuracy. The more hairpins present, the stronger the signal, but there was a balance between increasing data capacity and maintaining signal strength. After testing various configurations, they settled on using 11 hairpins per DNA strand. Building upon this, the team developed a three-bit digital system capable of forming eight unique barcodes. These barcodes were then integrated into DNA carrier molecules that presented specific antigens. When these carriers bound to antibodies, the presence of the antibodies could be detected without interfering with the DNA's natural kinetics. To validate their method, Bell and Keyser tested the system with biotin, BrdU, and puromycin, successfully detecting antibodies at concentrations as low as 10 nanomolar. They believe this technology has great potential for both scientific research and clinical applications. While nanopore sequencing has been widely used for DNA analysis, recent advancements have expanded its use to protein detection. For example, a team from the University of Pennsylvania modified nanopores to accommodate larger proteins, enabling them to distinguish between monomeric and dimeric forms of the GCN4-p1 protein. This growing field of nanopore-based detection is set to revolutionize how we analyze biological molecules.

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