In the development of artificial intelligence, talent reserve is undoubtedly an important part. Artificial intelligence should be a low-level technology that can be buried deep in any industry. Combined with medical treatment can improve the review efficiency of image data. Combining with industry can improve the sorting speed... In the future, perhaps every company will be equipped with an AI department. As just as every company is equipped with an IT department.
AI is the same as every technology-led industry. The key to development lies in the density and height of talent. It is reported that the current global AI talent stock is only 300,000, while the market demand is starting at a million. Talent competition has become the key to the strategic layout of AI in various countries. Today, China and the United States are the two giants of world-class AI. Both have their own advantages. China has more data traffic and the United States has stronger R&D capabilities. In contrast, the talent pool has almost become the biggest gap between the two sides.
It is no exaggeration to call the United States the most complete AI talent pool in the world. In addition to the number of universities shown in the picture, 14 schools in the United States have squeezed into the top 20 academic capabilities in the world of artificial intelligence and have taken the top eight. Since 2006, 60% of the 204 scholars who have published more than 30 papers in the top-level conference on artificial intelligence come from the United States.
In order to make up for the shortcomings, China has adopted a multi-faceted strategy of artificial intelligence talents, which provides superior policy salary introduction and retention of talents, and cultivates future talents in education.
China has issued the “Innovative Action Plan for Artificial Intelligence in Colleges and Universities†and has given specific timetables for different stages of construction. But compared with the United States, the weaker part of China's AI talent pool is actually in the field of children's education.
The AI ​​reserve army grabbed from the children, why can't China catch it?
Last year, the State Council proposed in the "New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan" to set up artificial intelligence related courses in primary and secondary schools, and gradually promote programming education, but even so, the idea of ​​establishing an AI reserve army from primary and secondary schools is still difficult to implement.
Unlike China, which is better at subject education, European and American countries usually implement STEAM education, such as children's programming, robot programming, and the field of thinking and thinking. Both Bill Gates and Jobs have received programming education since childhood. The language they used at the time may have withdrawn from the historical stage, but people think that their achievements today are not unrelated to the engineering thinking that has been cultivated since childhood.
For children's programming, on the one hand, China lacks teachers, and children's programming requires interdisciplinary knowledge, both pedagogy and computer science. Today, China's IT development talents are basically concentrated in the Internet and technology companies, and these people have no knowledge of education. Eventually, programming education lacked reliable teachers, and even the overall industry was oriented to sales and franchising.
On the other hand, most parents do not understand children's programming. Outside of first- and second-tier cities, many parents may know little about programming, not to mention the differences between visual programming, hardware assembly, Raspberry Pi, etc., and can only rely on children's programming teachers who may not be professional.
The end result is that China lacks a foundation in cultivating artificial intelligence talents. Students do not have the basic knowledge of programming, robots, etc. when they enter colleges and universities. The threshold for accessing relevant higher education is higher and the efficiency is lower. In addition, artificial intelligence has the characteristics of deep integration with the underlying industries. In the future, more and more interdisciplinary talents will be needed in medical, industrial, financial and other fields. It is impossible to cultivate engineering thinking from a young age, and it will also make it difficult for talents to learn in many fields.
Traces of the pioneers: What can we learn from the AI ​​talent development in the United States?
If we want to change this situation, perhaps we can look at the most mature US in the talent pool and find the following two solutions.
The first is to quickly implement industry standards.
In the United States, children's STEAM education and computer education are rapidly approaching standardization. For example, the United States established CSTA, the full name of Computer Science Teachers AssociaTIon, the Computer Science Teachers Association. There are not only teachers, but also university teachers, industry and government members.
What CSTA does is to publish the K12 computer science standard and to require courses to be developed according to standards, whether it is a state school or a commercial training institution. In order to avoid market confusion, students have no choice.
In addition, CSTA has recruited a large number of partners in the corporate world, such as Google, Microsoft, Oracle and other high-tech companies. These enterprises and institutions undertake the work of holding industry conferences, cultivating computer science education teachers, etc., using their advanced experience to improve the overall teaching level of the industry, and ensuring that the knowledge imparted to children is not out of the practical application.
The addition of multi-party characters has enabled children's programming to be quickly standardized along with other children's computer education, reducing the possibility of teaching content, unsuccessful development of teacher resources, etc., and pushing children's programming toward a healthier industrialization.
The second is to create a programming education product for children.
In the education industry, whether to create a suitable educational product can sometimes affect the educational achievements of a generation. In particular, the boring science and engineering discipline of programming, copying the teaching methods suitable for adults to children, does not produce results.
Nowadays, a lot of programming education in China has fallen into a strange circle. Since the promulgation of the document, various information contests have also been included in the middle and high school plus points. Many training institutions have divided the test-taking into the sole purpose, and they have not been able to play the role of so-called thinking mode training and logical ability training.
In recent years, the popular gamification programming and graphical programming have become closer to the original intention of cultivating the "AI Reserve Army." Gamification programming originated from CodeCombat in the United States. The usual practice is to visualize programming education, set up background stories and checkpoints, so that children can perceive programming education in the course of the game and develop programming logic. Although the foundations of children's education in China and the United States are different, in the face of the reward and punishment system in the game, it will also be attractive, making it easier for children to accept programming as a seemingly boring subject.
The more popular programming cats and Scratch in China have applied similar logic. Recently, NetEase Education also started to introduce CodeCombat, which is named geek war, and will be launched in China today. Perhaps when market activity is submitted, this educational model will enter more children.
Of course, in the face of China's backwardness in artificial intelligence talent reserves, it is not enough to introduce only one overseas programming education product. However, improving the science education supplements of all ages and quickly establishing the standards within the industry must be the necessary foundation for the cultivation of artificial intelligence talents. The status quo of artificial intelligence talents in China is actually related to the fact that we have always advocated subject theory and advocated test-oriented education but neglected the basis of engineering education. Today's China is catching up with those who have fallen.
No one building can stand out from the air. Although AI is a joke from the doll, the actual implication is another possibility of artificial intelligence training. The sooner the knowledge transmission and acquisition is opened, the sooner you can let Knowledge produces results in a generation.
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