On the green belt of the city, the pile foundation of the seat is used to support the rail beam 5 meters high from the ground. A row of panda-shaped cars is hung upside down and galloped between the high-rise buildings. Do you dare to sit like this "empty iron"? Since the "World's first air-suspended rail train with lithium battery power pack as traction power" (hereinafter referred to as "air rail"), it has been discussed on the Internet since the line was hung in Chengdu in late November. Some netizens feel very "meng", some netizens shout "terrorist high", and some netizens have doubts about the technical and security details. In order to restore the development history and technical aspects of this project, 澎湃News has recently arrived at the Chengdu “Air Railway†trial line, and interviewed the chief designer of the project, the Chinese Academy of Sciences academician Yan Ming and the project-funded Sichuan Zhongtang Air Rail Group. General manager Wang Kai and other relevant personnel.
Chengdu “New Energy Empty Iron†hanging line “New Energy Empty Iron†is wholly-owned by Sichuan Zhongtang Air Rail Group Co., Ltd., a private enterprise, and led by the State Key Laboratory of Traction Power of Southwest Jiaotong University, in conjunction with China CRRC, China Railway, Panzhihua Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. Seven large state-owned enterprises such as the company cooperated. Sichuan Zhongtang Air Rail Group is located in Chengdu Shuangliu Southwest Airport Economic Development Zone, about 15 minutes drive from Shuangliu Airport. Standing outside the company, you can see the U-shaped empty iron test line that occupies almost the entire production park. The white monorail track beam is 1400 meters long and is supported by a pile foundation 5 meters high from the ground every 10 meters. When the cricket journalist arrived at the base on November 23, the body painted in black and white and the "empty iron" that imitated the panda style had already completed the trial operation of the day. The front of the car was still hung on the 21st of the ribbon cutting. The safflower, quietly stopped in the elliptical cylindrical platform on the test line.
Looking at the "new energy empty iron" test line from outside the Zhongtang Air Rail Group
The elliptical cylindrical platform guard said that the park was newly completed this year. The park is very quiet and has few buildings. In addition to the main building of the Zhongtang Air Rail Group, which is next to the test line platform, there are several factories. The rest of the park has not yet been developed.
According to insiders of Zhongtang Air Rail Group, “empty iron†needs to test at least 10,000 kilometers on this test line in the park. To detect technical data in all aspects. The 1400-meter U-shaped test track simulates various conditions that may be encountered in actual future operation, including 30-meter radius bends and 6% ramps. According to his estimation, this test process will take at least half a year.
After completing the test line of the “new energy empty iron†test line in front of the main building of Zhongtang Air Rail Group, “Air Railway†also needs to build demonstration lines in the city to solve commercial problems such as operation, profit and management. Therefore, it is really necessary to see a list of pandas in the beginning of this article, "empty iron" passing through the city of Chengdu, at least until 2018. Regarding the location of the demonstration line, the aforementioned insiders said that many local governments including Chengdu and Shanghai are very interested, and several tourist attractions including Jiuzhaigou are also interested. However, the China-Tianshan Air Railway is still waiting for the technical standards to be fully justified. Regarding the 20-kilometer route plan of Chengdu Shuangliu Airport to Shuangliu Old County, which was previously disclosed by the media, he said that although the Shuangliu government does have such planning intentions, "we are now setting up an agreement without agreement, only communication. Our standards I haven’t come out yet, I can’t sign the agreement irresponsibly.†However, the aforementioned people said that the China-Tangshan Air Railway hopes to build the demonstration line in Chengdu, "because it was made in Chengdu." At present, the three route plans have been submitted to the Chengdu government, and the government will demonstrate in various aspects. In terms of tourist attractions, Jiuzhaigou is choosing between the empty railway and the light rail. The Zhongtang Air Railway specially designed a rail beam for Jiuzhaigou, which is based on Sichuan's unique “living fossil†Jurassic tree, to protect the overall landscape harmony of the scenic spot.
The source of the Jurassic orbital beam designed for Jiuzhaigou: The official information piece of the Zhongtang empty iron is a new thing in China because of the “empty ironâ€. Wang Kai, deputy general manager of Zhongtang Air Railway, said that the data accumulated through the test line and the demonstration line, Zhongtang Air Rail will become the maker of industry standards. "We want to form an enterprise standard through this test line, and then the corporate standard should rise to the industry standard. We must create a precedent and build an empty iron with industry standards."
The chief designer of the project and the academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ming Ming, is the chief designer of the “New Energy Air Railway†project, and is the chief professor of Southwest Jiaotong University and the academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Yan Ming has been engaged in the research of dynamics and vibration of rail transit engineering for a long time. He added that some tourist hotspot cities in Southeast Asia are also interested in “empty iron†and hope to introduce them. "There are too many people who care about it now. Everyone is doing their best to move forward. Our high-speed rail has attracted worldwide attention. Rail transit is now a very bright business card in our country. If there is development in the city, then our country can play The number of cards is even more.†The cost can be as low as 1/8 of the subway. A building next to the China Tangkong Iron and Steel Group reads “Da Tang New Energyâ€. According to the insiders of the Zhongtang Air Rail, it is “empty ironâ€. The manufacturer of the lithium battery used is also Sichuan Datang Energy Investment Co., Ltd., the predecessor of Zhongtang Air Rail Group.
Battery factory in the park
澎湃News and public information found that Sichuan Datang Energy Investment Co., Ltd. was registered in February 2006 with a registered capital of 122.45 million yuan. Zhongtang Air Rail Group Co., Ltd. was registered in April 2016 with a registered capital of 500 million yuan. Another affiliated company is Sichuan Zhongtang Zhongtie Technology Co., Ltd., registered in August 2016 with a registered capital of 200 million yuan. The aforementioned insiders said that the "empty iron" project did not have a penny of financing, all of which were the capital of several entrepreneurs. He said that the earliest company to do lithium batteries, a few years later found that there are many problems with new energy sources for automobiles, and the industry competition is becoming more intense. Some experts of the company thought of going to the rail transit field because the smoothness of rail transit is far better than that of ground transportation. Since then, the company has spent several years researching the “empty iron†in Germany and Japan, and found that the suspended rail transit has great potential in China, and it is an excellent choice to fill the gap between the subway and bus lines. The company finally put together the two concepts of suspended rail traffic and new energy. Wang Kai made an analogy. "The subway is a trunk, which is equivalent to the main artery. But there are many places in the aorta that can't be reached. Our source of inspiration is to make up for the space between the subway and the bus line." He said, "to us In Chengdu, for example, although several subway lines have been planned, the construction period is very long. The current cost of the subway is also very high, reaching 600-800 million yuan per kilometer. It is not possible to build a subway line in a few years." The most important thing for the "new energy empty railway" is to provide a new standard for the existing public transportation in China, so that local governments can choose the most suitable investment among various types of standards. Wang Kai mentioned that the "empty iron" has the following advantages over other rail transit systems: Low cost: The construction cost of "empty iron" is only 1/6 to 1/8 of the subway. Construction is fast: an “empty iron†line of tens of kilometers can be built in less than one year. The components are produced in the factory and shipped to the site for quick assembly.
Modular manufacturing source: Zhongtang Air Railway official information piece
Lack of land resources: At present, the "empty iron" plan only occupies part of the green belt of the city to lay the pile foundation, avoiding the problem of land acquisition.
Flexible linear arrangement: The “empty iron†that can smoothly pass the 30-meter radius bend can flexibly travel through the city, and the wiring is easy.
Good extensibility: "Empty iron" can be extended anywhere according to demand. If the development reaches a certain stage, the traffic volume of the line is saturated, and the "empty iron" cannot meet the passenger flow demand, so it can be relocated as a whole and give way to the subway. The box beams and columns that have been completely removed can be assembled and used elsewhere.
"Drawing the first line from the drawing to the factory, it took only 4 months and 10 days to find a miracle."As the chief designer of the “new energy empty ironâ€, Yan Ming, the chief professor of Southwest Jiaotong University and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, played an important leading role. He told the news, "It took only 4 months and 10 days to draw the first line from the drawing to the factory, and it was a miracle."
He said that this is the result of the leadership of China CRRC's Nanjing Puzhen Vehicle Co., Ltd., which attaches importance to this project, opening a green channel on the production line, and working overtime to solve the problem. At the same time, the Zhongtang Air Railway also did a lot of research work in the early stage. He really intervened and substantively carried out the research on the argument, which is also a matter of this year. "It is a model of industry-university cooperation. It is funded, built, repaired, and designed. I am responsible for the determination of technical solutions and technical checks, and to play our long-term research on rail transit. China has such a demand and prospects to push forward such a new technology that meets our needs. Our scientific and technical personnel engaged in rail transit research are duty-bound. Of course, no investment in this enterprise is also empty. The entire test line should be invested. Quite a lot. This is what the society is now talking about as an industry-driven innovation model."
Wang Kai described the rapid development process of “empty iron†in three sentences: “the quality of central enterprises, the qualification of state-owned enterprises, and the mechanism of our private enterprises.†He explained in detail that “the mechanism of private enterprises is flexible and highly efficient. As soon as we look at it, we immediately put it into practice. Our company has gone through research and investigations and traveled to relevant western developed countries to produce ideas. But after all, we are a private enterprise, it is impossible to have large-scale production capacity, we must unite related production. unit."
When asked about the specific division of work between Zhongtang Air Rail, Southwest Jiaotong University and major state-owned enterprises in the project, Wang Kai said, "We are an all-round consortium, not only in terms of technology, but also the overall ideological framework. A 'tight union', so there is no need to talk about him. 'The tight union' can explain everything."
When asked if the overall framework of the project was from the Zhongtang Air Railway or Southwest Jiaotong University, Yan Ming also said, “The details don’t necessarily say so much. They investigated it for two or three years and then found me, then I did some Adjustment and optimization. They are not the same as our professional rail transit. But they are very optimistic and very confident. The investment work behind them is very determined to advance. Under various conditions, everyone has a common goal and things can go smoothly. Development.†Six major systems have innovative breakthroughs. 100% technology domestically produced Wang Kai introduced that “new energy empty iron†has achieved innovation in the six systems of vehicles, tracks, bridges, signal control, power and maintenance. breakthrough. For example, on the track system, the "empty iron" can reach a turning radius of 30 meters, which is the minimum turning radius that can be achieved by rail transit in the world. In order to achieve this, the R&D team innovatively applied the differential technology on the car to the “empty ironâ€. In addition, if the "empty iron" closed box girder is to be moved as a whole, it is necessary to realize a translational switch, and there is no harmful space when steering. On the vehicle system, the "empty iron" bogie is turned from the lower part of the general body to the upper part. In order to ensure the requirements of the suspension operation, the "empty iron" has a novel design in the design of the pin bearing weight. On the power system, the "empty iron" is driven by a lithium-ion battery, which can achieve a continuous discharge of 400 amps without degrading overall performance. The life can reach three thousand times of charging and discharging. In order to match the charge and discharge curve of the battery, "empty iron" should also be innovated in the signal system.
Some explanations: New energy lithium battery, capacity and safety Before, Wang Mengshu, a professor at Beijing Jiaotong University and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said that he is optimistic about the development prospects of suspended and straddle rail transit in China. However, he is puzzled by the use of lithium battery drivers for Chengdu's "new energy empty iron". He believes that the scrapping of lithium batteries will cause a lot of pollution and cannot be called "new energy." Wang Mengshu believes that "empty iron" should be powered by high-voltage wires like Germany and Japan.
On the other hand, netizens also have doubts about the details of the “new energy empty iron†in actual operations. To this end, the news has sorted out some hot issues, and the people of Zhongtang Air and Steel Company and Yan Ming gave a reply.
Why should we abandon the high-voltage wires used in Germany and Japan's "empty iron" and use lithium batteries to power them?Wang Kai: First, if such an empty iron is built in the city, can a 110 kV high-voltage wire allow you to pull in over the city? This kind of high-voltage power transmission line is not allowed in the city. Second, the new energy battery is green. Third, we charge at night, use during the day, and charge electricity at night is very low, this is the biggest point.
Yan Ming: First, the use of lithium batteries can save the cost of the entire project, the high-voltage transmission system should be arranged along the entire line, no power source is simple. Second, the use of lithium batteries can save energy, and can be charged in the early hours of electricity use. Third, lithium batteries are safer for residents than erecting high-voltage transmission systems in dense cities.
Is charging and discharging inconvenient?Yan Ming: It is very convenient to change the battery at the big station, mechanized operation within 1 minute.
Will the weight of the lithium battery affect the load bearing capacity?Yan Ming: We have a wonderful idea to put the lithium battery on a special car and run it together, which is even safer. How to deal with lithium battery later?
Wang Kai: The battery life can reach 3,000 times of charge and discharge. After 3000 times, it only drops to half of the battery performance and can be used as an energy storage device. Yan Ming: I am not an expert in this area. Zhongtang Air Rail has a great foundation in the new energy battery. They must have a way to dispose of them according to the appropriate procedures. These are all common problems of new energy sources. They will be solved on the common level. There is no perfect thing, as long as there are problems that can be handled properly and in compliance.
Why is the lithium battery called "new energy"?Insiders: Because there is no emissions, it is still in the new energy. Just like lithium battery companies, they are also new energy vehicles. We have followed the concept of convention.
Why use suspended (empty rail) instead of straddle (light rail)?
Insiders: The straddle type is too noisy. The straddle-type wheels are open and the suspension is wrapped inside the track beam. In addition, the hanging cost is only half of the light rail.
The capacity of "empty iron"?Wang Kai: 6 people per square meter, depending on the number of hanging cars, can be reconnected in 2 columns, 4 columns, 6 columns. The 2 columns of reconnections are full of 230 people. It is much bigger than Japan. Yan Ming: Each car has a capacity of 80 people, and it can be squeezed to 100. Flexible grouping. In the case of 6 columns, it can reach 1 to 20,000 person-times per hour, meeting the standards for small and medium-sized transportation.
How fast is the "empty iron"?Wang Kai: The top speed is 60 yards, the average is about 35, which is similar to the subway. What is the safety? Insiders: The carriage is placed on the track beam and there is no risk of derailment. The only possibility is that it is stuck in the middle and there is no electricity. We have all designed the rescue evacuation method, which is only 5 meters high.
The vehicle's walking structure is enclosed in the box girder. Source: Zhongtang Empty Iron Official Information
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