# Original Innovator # Dry Goods: Some Basic Knowledge About Photography Lens

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It's been 12 years since I started my journey in photography. From various film cameras to Nikon and Canon DSLRs, up to Sony's mirrorless systems, I've owned a wide range of equipment. Along the way, I've spent a lot of money on gear, experienced many ups and downs, and gained some attention from Zhang Aunt (a nickname for a photography community). I've always been deeply involved in this hobby. Today, I felt inspired and decided to write my first original article. My writing skills aren't great, and the logic might be a bit messy, but I hope you'll give it a read. Feel free to comment without worrying about face—just share your thoughts, and I’ll respond during my free time. Here we go.

Writing background:

Recently, the A6300 has caught my attention as a great option for micro-singles. It's been five years since I last upgraded my equipment. Technology changes rapidly, and much of the knowledge is outdated, especially regarding the development of digital photography in recent years. However, I realized that my accumulated knowledge wasn’t enough. After reading several original posts and comments, I found that even basic photography concepts were unclear, and people often shared incorrect information. That’s why I decided to share some fundamental knowledge with you.

Short version of the article:

The "New York College of Photography" textbook, known as the photographic Bible, is highly recommended for any photographer. Currently priced at 259 yuan, it's now available for under 100 yuan. For the cost of this book, you can get double the value of your camera equipment. This investment is definitely worth it!

Some Common Mistakes When Buying Lenses:

This article mainly focuses on lens purchases. Let's look at some common questions and mistakes photographers often make:

1. Buy a lens in one step, don't buy if it's not good enough!
2. Bigger aperture is always better, bigger is better, more is better!
3. Teacher, I want to buy a lens that can shoot landscapes, portraits, night scenes, babies, and travel, and it should be lightweight with a large aperture!
4. Teacher, your photos are so good, is it because of the lens? My lens is too bad, I can't take pictures like yours!
5. Residual width (swing) is useless, go full frame!
6. Equivalent frame, equivalent aperture, equivalent shutter speed – full frame is king!

The beginning of the article:

First, what is a lens and why do we need one?

You can check Zhang Ama’s website for a basic understanding. Here's an image to illustrate:

This is the origin of all photographic techniques. Light passes through a small hole and creates an image on a white cloth, which reflects all light. Replacing it with a photosensitive material allows the image to be captured. The first photograph was taken using a small hole in a wooden block.

Lenses serve two purposes and have one side effect:

1. Increasing the amount of light: In the figures above, the red lines show how lenses allow more light to pass through compared to a pinhole.
2. Controlling the amount of light: The aperture adjusts the minimum amount of light entering the lens. The maximum aperture is determined by the smallest lens element in the group.
3. Side Effect - Controlling Depth of Field: This is crucial for creating artistic images. The depth of field determines how much of the image is in focus.

Conclusion: The main purpose of a lens is to control light and enhance image quality. The aperture controls the amount of light, while the shutter determines when the light is captured. The side effect is the depth of field, which gives images a human-like perspective. Photographers often use shallow depth of field to highlight subjects and create unique visual effects.

Second, the secret of focal length:

The most common question for beginners is: “What lens should I buy?” But the real question is: “What focal length do I need?”

Terms like ‘wide-angle’, ‘telephoto’, ‘portrait lens’, etc., are based on focal length and usage habits. Focal length is fixed and doesn’t change based on the camera system. The angle of view depends on the sensor size and the focal length of the lens.

For example, a 50mm lens on a full-frame camera has the same angle of view as a 35mm lens on an APS-C camera. Understanding equivalence is key to choosing the right lens for your needs.

Third, the difference between top lenses and general lenses, and how to choose in the end:

Top lenses offer superior optical performance, sharpness, and color rendition, but they come at a higher price. General lenses are more affordable and suitable for casual use. Choosing the right lens depends on your budget, needs, and shooting style.

Finally, some advice for beginners:

1. Understand your needs before buying equipment.
2. Consider your budget and long-term goals.
3. Don’t rush into expensive gear unless you’re sure it fits your style.
4. Practice and learn from others rather than blaming your equipment.
5. Use a tripod and remote shutter to improve image quality.

Postscript:

Answering my own questions:

1. Don’t buy just for the sake of buying. Choose based on your needs and budget.
2. Bigger isn’t always better. Focus on what you truly need.
3. There’s no perfect lens for all situations. Focus on your style and improve gradually.
4. Your equipment isn’t the only factor in great photos. Skill and creativity matter most.
5. Full-frame isn’t the only way to take great photos. APS-C and other formats can also produce excellent results.
6. Equivalence is a concept, not a rule. Composition, aesthetics, and skill are what really matter.

This article took me a whole day to write, and I hope it helps you. I’ll continue sharing more useful tips and knowledge. Thank you all!

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