As advanced technologies continue to be integrated into traditional agricultural and sideline industries, greenhouse farming has emerged as a key method for producing off-season crops. This paper introduces the design of a greenhouse monitoring and control system based on the S3C2410 processor, along with a remote monitoring system that utilizes an embedded Boa server powered by an ARM9 processor. Users can monitor and control the greenhouse environment via Ethernet and connected devices, significantly enhancing the safety and reliability of remote operations.
With the rapid economic growth and technological advancements, people's living standards have improved, leading to higher demands for quality of life. The demand for spring tea has also increased dramatically, yet its supply remains limited. To address this issue, greenhouse cultivation of tea trees has been proposed as a viable solution to meet the growing market needs.
The rise of internet technology has made web-based applications the standard for managing and interacting with embedded devices. This system follows a familiar B/S (Browser/Server) architecture, where an embedded device runs a web server capable of handling scripts or CGI functions. This allows users to manage and monitor the system through a simple web browser, offering convenience and practicality in real-time operations.
For the successful cultivation of tea trees in greenhouses, maintaining an optimal growth environment is essential. This paper presents a system where the controlled devices are connected to the Internet via an embedded web server. Users can remotely monitor and control the devices using an Internet Explorer browser, ensuring efficient and timely management.
1. System Introduction
The greenhouse tea tree growth monitoring system described in this paper is illustrated in Figure 1. The system uses the 32-bit ARM9 processor S3C2410 as the main controller. Various sensors collect environmental data and send it to the processor for analysis. If the current conditions deviate from the preset parameters, the system takes appropriate actions. To enable remote monitoring, the embedded web server connects the system to the Internet using the Boa server under Linux. This allows users to monitor and control the system remotely through an IE browser, making the process more flexible and efficient.
2. System Hardware Design
The embedded web server system not only collects and processes field data but also enables access to web pages hosted on the embedded system through a PC browser. Users must enter a username and password to log in, after which they can access the monitoring interface.
The greenhouse tea tree monitoring system consists of an ARM main control platform, a sensor data acquisition module, a control module, and a host computer. The hardware structure of the system is shown in Figure 2.
2.1 S3C2410 Processor
The S3C2410 is a 32-bit ARM microprocessor based on the ARM920T core and AMBA bus from Samsung. It uses a 0.18μm CMOS process and includes 16 KB instruction and data caches. It supports MMU and can run operating systems like WinCE and Linux. The processor features integrated peripherals such as LCD, UART, I2C, SPI, I2S, USB, and SD controllers, and supports booting from NAND FLASH at up to 203 MHz clock speed.
2.2 Sensor Module
The DHT11 is a digital temperature and humidity sensor that provides calibrated output signals. Its single-wire interface simplifies integration into larger systems. It is compact, low-power, and offers fast response times and strong anti-interference capabilities.
The ESM-CO2 carbon dioxide sensor is designed for use in high-humidity environments such as agriculture. It uses an imported infrared dual-beam CO2 sensor with a serial interface, providing reliable and stable performance.
The HA2003 light sensor converts light intensity into voltage using a photoelectric conversion module, then outputs 0–2 V or 4–20 mA. It is compact, highly accurate, and IP65 protected, making it ideal for greenhouse lighting measurement.
2.3 Control Module
Temperature control is managed automatically by adjusting heating and cooling based on set thresholds. A refrigerator is used for cooling when temperatures exceed the upper limit. Humidity control activates humidifiers when levels drop below a set point and triggers exhaust fans if levels remain too high for long periods.
Carbon dioxide levels are regulated by opening and closing a vent valve based on pre-set thresholds. Lighting is adjusted using fluorescent lights to ensure sufficient light for photosynthesis.
This intelligent system reduces labor requirements, eases the workload for staff, and eliminates the need for constant on-site presence, saving time and improving efficiency.
3. System Software Design
The software design flowchart of the system is shown in Figure 3.
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